New material purchased from www.metaldepot.com (an expensive online steel service center) would run $37K alone. You could probably source new material locally for perhaps 1/2 to 2/3 of that cost. Figure the pipe alone, and I'm talking about new material, would run you $18 to $20K. That's for unpainted material. Stainless Pipe STAINLESS STEEL PIPE, WELDED & SEAMLESS, ALL SCHEDULES • Welded & Seamless Pipe material conforms to ASTM A312, ASTM A999. SCI will, upon written notification thereof and substantiation that the goods have been stored, installed, maintained and operated in accordance. Any labor cost for repair or replacement of the. Cost factors include the size of the home, the type of pipe installed, demolition of old pipe, and floor and wall repair. Most plumbers build quotes around the cost of materials and labor. Typical repiping jobs can take anywhere from one day to one week. Size and volume. The larger the home, the more pipe will be needed. If steel pipe is used and not welded prior to installation in casing/liner, welding of pipe will only be allowed after grouting of annular space is complete. Installation of End Seals. For Water Pipes. Grout end of casing/liner a minimum of 6 inches and a maximum of 12 inches. Introduction • The selection of the optimal pipeline route, diameter, material, wall thickness, pump station location, pump units and operational equipment or facilities is typically the result of economic analysis and investment capital evaluation of the most reasonable scenarios developed through the design phase. • Typically, even before the detailed design of a pipeline system has begun, an order-of-magnitude cost study will be performed, with the goal of determining the feasibility of continuing to invest time and capital in the design phase of the project. • For a typical cross country pipeline project, the cost of pipe and its associated construction and installation costs can be as much as 80% of the capital investment, therefore, the selection of the pipe, with regard to the type of material, size etc. Is very important. • A piping works engineer requires not only wide engineering knowledge – not necessarily in depth, but certainly an understanding but he must also have an understanding of engineering economics, costs of metallurgical, methods of pipe fabrication, erection and sufficient knowledge of mechanical, civil, electrical and instrumentation engineering to discuss the requirements. Direct and Indirect Costs Associated with Piping • The direct cost of piping is related to the purchase and installation of piping along with accessories. It deals with raw materials, labour, energy etc. • Indirect cost includes: • Design and engineering cost, which cover the cost of design and cost of “engineering” of the piping system, purchasing, procurement and construction supervision. • Contractor‘s fees (Technology Fee) • Contingency allowance, this is an allowance to cover for unforeseen circumstances ( labour disputes, design errors etc.). Economic Evaluation of the Piping System • As the purpose of investing money in modern piping system is to earn money, some means of comparing the economic performance of piping is needed. • For a small piping system, and for simple choices between alternative processing schemes, the decisions can usually be made by comparing the capital and operating costs. More sophisticated evaluation techniques and economic criteria are needed when decisions have to be made between large, complex piping systems, particularly when the piping systems differ widely in scope, time scale, etc. • Making major investment decisions in the face of uncertainties that will undoubtedly exist about plant performance, costs, the market Government policy and the world economic situation, is a difficult and complex task (if not an impossible task) and in a large design organisation, the evaluation would be done by a specialist group. Economics of Pipe Diameter – Concept • The sizing of process lines can be divided into two categories • Lines which do not contain pumping equipment • Lines which contain pumps or compressors Lines in the first group are sized on the basis of available pressure drop, while those in the second must be based on an economical pipe size ( the smaller the pipe, the less the pipe costs but the higher the pumping costs, and thus an optimum size must exist). Paradoxically, however, it is uneconomical to make economic studies on each process line for a proposed plant. The designer, therefore, must have some means of determining which lines justify careful cost analysis. The designer can select a conservative line size which will definitely fulfill the requirements. But will the next smaller size be more economical? The only manner in which this can be determined definitely is by careful economic analysis. If the possible saving, however, is not far from the cost in the man-hours required to make the study, it is better to select the conservative size without further use of valuable time. If, on the other hand, the possible savings are substantial, then further detailed study is indicated. Inch Meter and Inch Diameter Concept Purpose: The purpose of inch meter and inch diameter is: a. To find out piping erection load b. Manpower planning c. Piping work progress monitoring d. Costing The following example will illustrate the concept of the inch-meter and the inch-dia: Q.1 Elbow 2' size, 20 nos., are to be fitted in a pipeline. Find out the inch dia? Ans: Inch dia: size x no. Of weld joints x no. Of elbows = 2 x 2 x 20 = 80 inch dia. 2 Find out the inch meter for 20 m pipeline of 2' size Ans: Inch meter = Pipe size in inches x length in m = 2' x 20 = 40 inch meter Note: Inch meter will be more relevant in case of yard piping whereas inch dia will be more relevant in case of plant piping. Dividing the Cost of the Pipe Work The costs of process industry pipe work are usually sub-divided as below: 1. Piping design and engineering: The cost of design work associated with the pipe work including layout studies, scheming, analysis and detailing. Materials: The cost of all bought out materials, i.e. Pipe flanges, fittings, valves, expansion units, etc. Fabrication: The cost of site fabrication, off-site fabrication, done in a shop away and adjacent to site. Erection: The cost of erecting on-site fabricated pipe work and pressure testing. This includes preliminaries, variation orders and error rectification if any. Economic Fluid Velocity (ft/s) Pipe diameter d (in) Pressure drop available (Ib/in2) / 100 ft Remark Pump discharge pipe (d/3 + 5) ft/s 2.0 Pump suction pipe (d/6 + 1.3) ft/s 0.4 Steam or gas line 20 d ft/s 0.5 For liquids, a velocity in excess of 20 ft/s should never be specified in order to avoid erosion of the pipe. On suction lines to the pump, the pressure drop should always be less than 50% of the total head developed by the pump. Suggested Steam Pipe Velocities in Pipe Connecting Steam Turbines SERVICE - STEAM TYPICAL RANGE -ft/s Inlet to turbine 100 - 150 Exhaust, non-condensing 175 - 200 Exhaust - condensing 400 – 500 8. Relative Economics of Various Materials of Construction S.No. Material Connection Factor 1 Carbon steel (C.S.), A-53, seamless Welded 1.00 2 Carbon steel (C.S.), A-53, welded galvanised Screwed 0.84 3 Wrought iron, galvanised Screwed 1.61 4 Unplasticised polyvinyl chloride Sock, weld 1.79 5 Carbon steel, lead lined Flanged 4.11 6 Carbon steel, PVC lined Flanged 4.76 7 Stainless steel Welded 15.00 9. Material Estimation There are three main topics of pipe work estimation as mentioned below: S.No. Stage Accuracy Basis 1 Preliminary +/- 25% Based on%age of total plant cost 2 First control +/- 20% Based on completed P and I’s etc. 3 Second control +/- 10% Final P and I, all pipe work details, drawings, material list etc. Fabrication Cost Estimation The contents of fabrication cost estimation comprise the following: 1. Fabrication 2. Fabrication / Welding 3. Erection Cost Estimation The contents of fabrication cost estimation comprise the following: 1. Testing of completed pipelines 12. Rates for Fabrication and Erection The schedule of rates under the fabrication and erection work are established in “man hours” which should be representative of the gang time to complete the operation. Cost Of Welded Steel Pipe Installed Memory CardThe type of rate will depend on the client and contractor relationship on the basis of the contractor’s tenders. Teamviewer 6 0 10722 executioner. The rates shall be included or excluded, allowances for construction plant, tools, tackle and consumables. Typical rates for various piping materials are enclosed for reference. These include labour, consumables, tools, tackles and overheads. Typical Rates for Fabrication, Erection and Testing of Pipelines for Costing with Example a) Mild steel (MS), B and C class piping: Rs. 45/- per inch dia per metre length. B) SS 304 piping ( Sch 5): Rs.
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